THE EXISTENCE OF NATIVE TRIBES IN MOUNT BROMO
SINCE THE 10TH CENTURY
Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park is the largest volcanic area in the province of East Java which has an extraordinary tourist attraction. Divided into four regions in Probolinggo, Lumajang, Pasuruan, and Malang. This national park not only presents its natural charm that spoils the eye of the tourist but the local wisdom and rich history are also added value to this one. The tourist destination.
In this mountainous region, various folklore has been told orally and in writing. Also, those have accompanied the people who live in the surrounding area from generation to generation. One of them is the story of the indigenous tribes who inhabit the area of Mount Bromo. The tribe is known as the Tengger tribe. This certainly adds a unique side to Mount Bromo itself.
Besides being rich in the charm of natural beauty, Bromo has indigenous peoples and traditions that cannot be separated from one another. The indigenous tribes who inhabit the Bromo area are estimated to have existed since the 10th century. Judging from the archaeological aspect, the Tengger tribe has existed since before the Majapahit era. Not only from a story but several inscriptions from the Majapahit to the Singasari era show the existence of people who worship Mount Bromo, which we now know as the Tengger Tribe. Some of these inscriptions include the Muncang inscription, found in 902 AD; the Linga Sultan inscription, located in 929 AD; and the Pananjakan inscription, found in 1324 Saka or 1402 AD.
The Muncang and Linga Sultan inscriptions state that the people in the Tengger area have existed since 902 AD. It is said that several villages around the Tengger area have special fief status or sanctified land. Then, it is also described in the Linga Sultan inscription that there is
worship by the people in the Tengger region to Mount Brahma (now Bromo). It was carried out every month of Kasada, called the Yadnya Kasada ritual.
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In addition to being rich in history, the Tenggerese are also rich in traditions and noble values , which are still firmly held by the Tenggerese. Reportedly, at least four traditional ceremonies are held yearly: Yadnya Kasada, Unan-unan, Yadnya Karo, and Pujan Mubeng.
- Yadnya Kasada
The famous Yadnya Kasada is identical to the Tengger tribe. It is a traditional ceremony that depicts the belief of the Tenggerese people towards the spirits of their ancestors who have sacrificed themselves to protect the people in the Tengger area. This ceremony also aims to show gratitude for all God’s gifts. - Unan-Unan
In the Tengger tribe, the activities of alms to the earth or village cleanup are commonly referred to as Unan-unan. This activity aims to grant to nature and those who look after agricultural land and plantations in villages and water sources. And another meaning of Unan-Unan is to free the village from disturbances of bhutakala (spirits) and as a request to avoid disease
and be free from all suffering in life. - Yadnya Karo
Yadnya Karo or Hari Raya Karo is a ritual and a holiday held for a long time. That is for fourteen days. In Javanese, Karo is loro (two). This ceremony is stored in the second month and is the most extended traditional ceremony in the Tengger community and is held in conjunction with Nyepi Day for Hindus. This traditional ceremony is carried out as a form of gratitude for the Tengger people for the blessings bestowed by Sang Hyang Swayambhu (God Brahma). - Pujan Mubeng
Pujan Mubeng tradition is held by all villagers by going around the village with the shaman while hitting the ketipung from the eastern village boundary, around the four corners of the village. This ceremony aims to cleanse the village of all harmful disturbances and disasters.
Not only rich in natural resources, the Tengger people who inhabit the Mount Bromo area and its surroundings are also rich in cultural heritage from their ancestors. Its long and centuries-old history brought many values from various cultures in the past. And then acculturated with the current developments, making the cultural diversity of the Tengger tribe able to coexist with the new colors of changing times. Still, it did not eliminate the original color of the Tengger tribe. This makes many tourists interested in visiting to witness the cultural diversity for themselves.
mount bromo tour package
mount bromo tour package
mount bromo tour package
Mount bromo tour package
Mount bromo tour package